ESPE Yearbook of Paediatric Endocrinology

Abstract: Endocrinology. 2018 Mar 1;159(3):1469–1478.In brief: In this article, a combination of microdissection, miroRNA profiling and transfection studies identify 3 microRNAs that are highly expressed in the proliferative zone and appear to be down-stream mediators of PTHrP signaling in the growth plate.Comment: In the growth plate, P...

Brief summary: In this experimental study, a transdermal polymeric microneedle (MN) patch for glucose-responsive closed-loop insulin and glucagon delivery was developed. In chemically-induced type 1 diabetes (T1D) mouse and minipig models, this glucose-responsive dual-hormone MN patch demonstrated tight regulation in blood glucose.The interplay between insulin and glucagon is essential for blood glucose regulation in individuals with or without diabetes....

Brief summary: The authors developed a model to estimate the worldwide prevalence of Type 1 diabetes (T1D) in 2040. Compared to 2021, when an estimated 8.4 million individuals had T1D (including 18% < 20 years), the prevalent cases are expected to increase to 13.5–17.4 million in 2040, with the largest relative increase taking place in low- and middle-income countries.This model, using published data (available from only 97 countries worldwide) ...

To read the full abstract: Nat Med. 2019 Mar;25(3):439–447.Prenatal screening for trisomy 21, trisomy 18, trisomy 13, and sex chromosome aneuploidies can be performed using next-generation sequencing of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in the maternal circulation. This article describes a new non-invasive prenatal screening (NIPS) approach for the detection of de novo or paternally inheri...

Brief summary: In this experimental study, genome editing and in vitro pancreatic differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells (SC) were used to generate ZNT8 loss-of-function (LOF) SC-β-cells. These cells showed accelerated functional maturation, increased insulin secretion and improved resistance to metabolic stress. Transplantation of ZnT8 LOF SC-β-cells into mice with preexisting diabetes significantly improved their glucose levels.<...